بررسی میزان خودکارشدگی در پردازش نحوی در زبان فارسی: شواهدی از داده‌های الکتروانسفالگرافی

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زبانشناسی/ دانشگاه تربیت مدرس/ تهران/ ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی و مدیر گروه زبانشناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استاد گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی پزشکی/ دانشکده مهندسی برق دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی/ تهران/ ایران

چکیده

زبان یک توانایی شناختی است که از نظامی خلاق و زایا به نام نحو برخوردار است. نحو به‌موجب تولید بی-نهایت جمله حائز اهمیت ویژه‌ای در زبان است و تصور می‌شود انسان به‌صورت خودکار و بدون هوشیاری به تولید و درک جملات می‌پردازد. با توجه به اهمیت این مسئله، پژوهش حاضر میزان خودکارشدگی پردازش نحوی در زبان فارسی را بررسی می‌کند. برای این منظور، از ثبت پتانسیل‌های مرتبط با رخداد (ERP) توسط الکتروانسفالوگرافی که تفکیک‌پذیری زمانی برحسب هزارم ثانیه دارد، استفاده شده است. این پژوهش با اجرای یک آزمایش در محل آزمایشگاه ملی نقشه‌برداری مغز ایران و با حمایت مالی ستاد توسعۀ علوم و فناوری‌های شناختی بر روی سخنگویان فارسی‌زبان انجام شده است. در این آزمون با به‌کارگیری پارادایم چشمک زدن توجهی در یک تکلیف پردازش زبانی در قالب بافت‌های نحوی کوتاه و محدود، به بررسی میزان خودکارشدگی پردازش این بافت‌ها به کمک ثبت ERP با تعداد 22 داوطلب (10 نفر خانم و 12 نفر آقا؛ با میانگین سنی 8/23 سال) پرداختیم. تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل سیگنال‌های به‌دست‌آمده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار EEGlab در برنامۀ متلب انجام شد. نتایج آزمون نشان داد که پردازش نحوی فرایندی خودکار نبوده بلکه یک فرایند کنترل‌شدۀ ذهنی است و به‌صورت هوشیارانه انجام می‌گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the degree of automaticity in syntactic processing in Persian: Evidence from electroencephalographic

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asma Namdari 1
  • Arsalan Golfam 2
  • Ali Moti' Nasrabadi 3
  • Ali Kadem 4
1 PhD Candidate in Linguistics / Tarbiat Modares University / Tehran / Iran
2 TMU_Iran
3 Shahed University
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Engineering / Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi University of Technology / Tehran / Iran
چکیده [English]

Language is a cognitive ability that has a creative and generative system called syntax. Syntax is of special importance in language due to the infinite production of sentences, and it is thought that human beings produce and understand sentences automatically and without awarness. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study investigates the degree of autamaticity of syntactic processing in Persian. For this purpose, event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded by electroencephalography, which has a time resolution of one millisecond. This research was performed by conducting an experiment at the National Brain Mapping Laboratory of Iran and with the financial support of the Cognitive Science and Technology Council on Persian speaking speakers. In this expriment, using the paradigm of attentional blink in a language processing task in the form of short and limited syntactic contexes, we examine the degree of automaticity of processing these contexes by ERP registration with 22 volunteers (10 women and 12 men, with an average age of 23.8 years). The obtained signals were analyzed using EEGlab software in MATLAB program. The test results showed that syntactic processing is not an automated process but a mentally controlled process and is performed in a completely conscious manner.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Syntactic processing
  • automaticity
  • electroencephalography
  • Persian language
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