نقش نهاد خانواده در حفظ زبان‌ها: مطالعۀ موردی زبان آذربایجانی در تبریز

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

چکیده

امروزه کاهش تنوع زبانی و فرهنگی به یکی از مسائل مهم و قابل تأمل در حوزه‌های جامعه‌شناسی و زبان‌شناسی تبدیل شده است. برآوردها نشان می‌دهد نیمی از 7000-6000 زبان موجود در دنیا تا آخر این قرن یا به‌کلی ازبین خواهند رفت و یا درمعرضِ خطر قرار خواهند گرفت.این کاهش اغلب به‌واسطۀ تغییر تدریجیِ زبانی رخ می‌دهد که در آن جوامع زبانی یک یا چند زبان دیگر را به قیمت ازدست‌دادنِ زبان اول (مادری) خود می‌آموزند. بر همین اساس، با استفاده از روش تحقیق پیمایشی و یک مصاحبۀ گروهی با مادرانِ دارای فرزندِ زیرِ ده سال، این تحقیق به‌بررسیِ نقش خانواده و تأثیرپذیری آن از محیطِ زبانی در حفظ زبان آذربایجانی و انتقال آن به نسل‌های بعدی در تبریز می‌پردازد. تحلیل داده‌ها نشان می‌دهد به‌رغم اینکه پدران و مادران و فرزاندانشان نقش بسزایی در حفظ زبان‌ها ایفا می‌کنند، نگرش و تصمیمات و رفتار زبانی خانواده‌ها تحت تأثیر عوامل محیطی خارج از خانه قرار دارند. بنابراین، برای حفظ هرچه‌بهترِ یک زبان، باید علاوه‌بر استفادۀ روزمره از آن در خانه، محیط زبانیِ مطلوبی برای تحکیم، تقویت و ترویج نگرش‌ها و رفتارهای مثبت نسبت به آن زبان وجود داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of families in language maintenance (The case of Azerbaijani in Tabriz)

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Hadi Mirvahedi
چکیده [English]

Cultural and linguistic decline has today become one of the most important and unsettling issues in sociolinguistic studies. It is said that of 6000-7000 existent languages half will die out or become moribund by the end of this century. This decline is often due to language shift processes through which linguistic communities begin to learn one or more languages at the cost of losing their own first language. Against this background, this research uses a questionnaire and a focus group interview with mothers of children under ten to examine the role of family and its interaction with the wider ecology in transmitting Azerbaijani to the next generation in Tabriz. The findings suggest that although family members play a significant role in language maintenance, their linguistic attitudes, decisions and behavior are under the influence of the wider ecology outside the home. To ensure the maintenance of a language, it is thus suggested that besides daily use of a language at home, there needs to be a favorable ecology to reinforce and encourage positive linguistic attitudes and behavior towards that language.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • language change
  • language maintenance. Azerbaijani. Tabriz

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