Aspect in Pashto Language

Document Type : .

Authors

1 PhD Student of Linguistics,, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Full professor of Linguistics, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The Pashto language is classified as a (subject-object-verb) or (SOV) language, and it is one of the post-position languages. This language is lexical-based in independent, coordinating, and dependent clauses (subject-object-verb). Pashto is spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan and even in India. It is the official and national language of Afghanistan. Most people of Afghanistan speaks Pashto. The aim of the present research is to present an analysis of the Aspect system in Pashto language. The method adopted in this article is based on Smith's (1997) bipartite theory. In this regard, a wide body of simple and compound verbs will be analyzed to analyze the types of situational Aspect in Pashto language. The main questions of research are how the Aspect is represented in Pashto language and what are its characteristics. The results of research show that there are five types of situational expressions in this dialect which both indicate external events and are dependent to syntactic calculations. Pashto language has perfective and non-perfective aspect in past and present tenses. Aspect which is called “aṛx” in Pashto, is internal time of Verb and Show perfective and non-perfectives of an action. In Pashto language the aspect is shown with affixes and accent transfer of syllables.

Keywords

Language and Linguistics
Volume 18, Issue 36
October 2023
Pages 269-293

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