Linguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122The Role of the Language and Science in Intensifying Environmental Crisis: An Ecolinguistic PerspectiveThe Role of the Language and Science in Intensifying Environmental Crisis: An Ecolinguistic Perspective1261554FAShadiShahnaseriJournal Article20091205Following on from Chawla (1991) who seeks the root of all environmental crisis in language, the present paper first introduces ecolinguistics as a new area in recent linguistic studies, and then examines the inadequacies of the language of science in reflecting ecological events and phenomena att the two level of lexis and grammar.
For this purpose, a corpus was established containing sample articles in Persian journals concerning ecological issues, and later examined in terms of ecolinguistics. The qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed high frequency of scientific terms and euphemisems at the lexical level and of the passive and conditional structures at the grammatical level. The results also showed that personal pronouns and tense were covertly present in the scientific discourse of the corpus. Following on from Chawla (1991) who seeks the root of all environmental crisis in language, the present paper first introduces ecolinguistics as a new area in recent linguistic studies, and then examines the inadequacies of the language of science in reflecting ecological events and phenomena att the two level of lexis and grammar.
For this purpose, a corpus was established containing sample articles in Persian journals concerning ecological issues, and later examined in terms of ecolinguistics. The qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed high frequency of scientific terms and euphemisems at the lexical level and of the passive and conditional structures at the grammatical level. The results also showed that personal pronouns and tense were covertly present in the scientific discourse of the corpus. https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1554_98986c005e5def2da341b4e0627d4712.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122A Modular Approach to Parts of Speech in PersianA Modular Approach to Parts of Speech in Persian27461555FAGholamhoseinKarimi DoostanArmanZakerJournal Article20091205Persian dictionaries and grammar books do not agree on the parts of speech of a considerable number of lexical words including infinitives, predicative nouns and adjectives and light verbs of the language and this may cause problems for the learners and the researchers of this language. In the modular grammar approach, language is divided into independent modules which may not correspond in some lexical entries. Based on a study in which words were chosen from Persian dictionaries, books and journals which considered mismatching words, the present paper argues that it is possible to account for the mismatching behaviors of the above groups of Persian words in the framework of modular grammar and terminate the disagreements on the parts of speech of these words. Persian dictionaries and grammar books do not agree on the parts of speech of a considerable number of lexical words including infinitives, predicative nouns and adjectives and light verbs of the language and this may cause problems for the learners and the researchers of this language. In the modular grammar approach, language is divided into independent modules which may not correspond in some lexical entries. Based on a study in which words were chosen from Persian dictionaries, books and journals which considered mismatching words, the present paper argues that it is possible to account for the mismatching behaviors of the above groups of Persian words in the framework of modular grammar and terminate the disagreements on the parts of speech of these words. https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1555_b2dd140336c9df867c087a29b2e66034.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122A Comparative study of Non-observance of Gricean Maxims in one Persian and one English playA Comparative study of Non-observance of Gricean Maxims in one Persian and one English play47681556FAShahlaSharifiSanazAlipourJournal Article20091205After surveying the theoretical foundation of Grice,s co-operative principle on the base of meaning and intention in this research, it is tried to analyze two conversational texts(one Persian and one English Play)by adopting analytic- descriptive method and resorting to the maxims that Grice had proposed for exchanging efficient information among participants in a language interaction. First we will refer to the ways we can use not to observe the maxims. Then we draw some tables which are included the distribution of non- observance of Gricean Maxims in both plays. We also refer to ways and intentions which may cause breaking those maxims. At the end we examine differences between non- observance of maxims in these two texts and give some explanations for possible reasons of these differences. The result of this research can be used for teaching the Persian and English languages, as a second language, as well as for translating Persian into English and vice versa After surveying the theoretical foundation of Grice,s co-operative principle on the base of meaning and intention in this research, it is tried to analyze two conversational texts(one Persian and one English Play)by adopting analytic- descriptive method and resorting to the maxims that Grice had proposed for exchanging efficient information among participants in a language interaction. First we will refer to the ways we can use not to observe the maxims. Then we draw some tables which are included the distribution of non- observance of Gricean Maxims in both plays. We also refer to ways and intentions which may cause breaking those maxims. At the end we examine differences between non- observance of maxims in these two texts and give some explanations for possible reasons of these differences. The result of this research can be used for teaching the Persian and English languages, as a second language, as well as for translating Persian into English and vice versa https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1556_4e9cec1f583056459111d63e24f3b8ef.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122The Analysis of Persian Preposition /az/ within the framework of Cognitive Semantics and Comparing it with the Traditional ApproachThe Analysis of Persian Preposition /az/ within the framework of Cognitive Semantics and Comparing it with the Traditional Approach69801557FAArsalanGolfamMostafaAssi0000-0003-3799-1103FerdowsAgha GolzadehFatemehYousefi RadJournal Article20091205This paper, argues that the common practice used in traditional Persian grammar books concerning prepositions, and in this special case the preposition /az/, of presenting a long list of meanings with no mention of the relationship among different meanings of each preposition is not adequate. The more adequate way, introduced in this paper, is presenting a family resemblance semantic network, based on a prototype. This method shows the conceptual relations among the senses and therefore refutes the common assumption that the meanings of prepositions are quite arbitrary.This paper, argues that the common practice used in traditional Persian grammar books concerning prepositions, and in this special case the preposition /az/, of presenting a long list of meanings with no mention of the relationship among different meanings of each preposition is not adequate. The more adequate way, introduced in this paper, is presenting a family resemblance semantic network, based on a prototype. This method shows the conceptual relations among the senses and therefore refutes the common assumption that the meanings of prepositions are quite arbitrary.https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1557_596f713f9a7376fe90a62abaaedecc2d.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122A Study of Sociolinguistic variables of Persian in Nehbandani Dialect: ConsonantsA Study of Sociolinguistic variables of Persian in Nehbandani Dialect: Consonants711141558FAAbbas AliAhangarMahboobeShahsavarJournal Article20091205This article aims at exploring the relation between social variables, including gender, age and education, with Persian linguistic (consonant) variables occurring in the speech of Nehbandani dialect speakers. The relevant linguistic variables were extracted from the speech of 24 qualified (adolescent, young and adult) informants. The findings of this study show that education, in the case of some linguistic variables, does not cause a decline in the use of non-standard forms and it just plays a significant role in differentiating the speech of literate and no-literate adults. It is also observed that, in employing some of linguistic variables, the men’s speech is more standard than women’s. Furthermore, in cases where the speech of women being more standard than that of men, their speech differences are trifling and the role of age is not distinctive. The increase in the age of the adolescents having literate parents and literate adults correlates with the increase in the use of standard linguistic forms. In adolescent groups, in half of the linguistic variables studied, the gender does not make a distinction between the speech of boys and that of girls.This article aims at exploring the relation between social variables, including gender, age and education, with Persian linguistic (consonant) variables occurring in the speech of Nehbandani dialect speakers. The relevant linguistic variables were extracted from the speech of 24 qualified (adolescent, young and adult) informants. The findings of this study show that education, in the case of some linguistic variables, does not cause a decline in the use of non-standard forms and it just plays a significant role in differentiating the speech of literate and no-literate adults. It is also observed that, in employing some of linguistic variables, the men’s speech is more standard than women’s. Furthermore, in cases where the speech of women being more standard than that of men, their speech differences are trifling and the role of age is not distinctive. The increase in the age of the adolescents having literate parents and literate adults correlates with the increase in the use of standard linguistic forms. In adolescent groups, in half of the linguistic variables studied, the gender does not make a distinction between the speech of boys and that of girls.https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1558_29921001f2f04bd3baee84a12e98098f.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122lexical collocation in Molana's poetry and prose in the framework of functionalismlexical collocation in Molana's poetry and prose in the framework of functionalism1151341559FASeyyed - AliMiremadiMahnazKarbalaei SadeghJournal Article20091205Molana’s works are considered as one of the most prominent ones in Persian literature. As our most prominent classic literature figure dynamic, great imagination, he creates the most beautiful, mystical imaginations in the wide range of unique arrangement of words and diversified poetic depictions.
Thus, the works of this famous figure can be scientifically reviewed as a considerable discussion of different linguistic approaches and literary critic. Therefore, with the purpose of reviewing effectiveness of collocations as a well-known linguistic subject in today’s linguistics, we intend to review the effectiveness of this subject in the literature and description and clarification of different types of it in the selected works of Molana including “The six Books of Masnawi”, “Fih ma Fih” in this article.Molana’s works are considered as one of the most prominent ones in Persian literature. As our most prominent classic literature figure dynamic, great imagination, he creates the most beautiful, mystical imaginations in the wide range of unique arrangement of words and diversified poetic depictions.
Thus, the works of this famous figure can be scientifically reviewed as a considerable discussion of different linguistic approaches and literary critic. Therefore, with the purpose of reviewing effectiveness of collocations as a well-known linguistic subject in today’s linguistics, we intend to review the effectiveness of this subject in the literature and description and clarification of different types of it in the selected works of Molana including “The six Books of Masnawi”, “Fih ma Fih” in this article.https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1559_020c8bfac8de160d4c5543b96d1fdede.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122A Review of Lexicon in MT SystemsA Review of Lexicon in MT Systems1351501560FAArezooMolavi VardanjaniJournal Article20091205Understanding how human mind access mental lexicon, and being aware of knowledge representation mechanism, would help us a great deal to design natural language processing systems. This research seeks to investigate the lexicon in machine translation (MT) systems, and then to propose a representation system for its lexicon using concepts and relation links between them, which can be utilized to enhance the efficiency of MT systems. Finally, the performance of this mechanism is illustrated through conceptual graphs.Understanding how human mind access mental lexicon, and being aware of knowledge representation mechanism, would help us a great deal to design natural language processing systems. This research seeks to investigate the lexicon in machine translation (MT) systems, and then to propose a representation system for its lexicon using concepts and relation links between them, which can be utilized to enhance the efficiency of MT systems. Finally, the performance of this mechanism is illustrated through conceptual graphs.https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1560_3a20f62a0af1aa152670bab3c602feed.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122A Manichaean parable on the sinfulness of mourningA Manichaean parable on the sinfulness of mourning1511651561FAOmidBehbahaniJournal Article20091205This essay is a comparative study of two Manichaean texts in Middle Persian and Parthian languages. The Middle Persian text is a parable on the sinfulness of mourning and the harm it will inflict on the soul of the recently deceased. The Parthian one is about an incident in one of Mani's travels. This text, which has been categorized as an historical text somehow coincides with the first text and, apparently, the same characters are involved in both of them. In fact, these two texts complete each other. In this article, along with a linguistic study of the texts, the cultural roots of the "sin of wailing" in the Manichaean religion are examined.This essay is a comparative study of two Manichaean texts in Middle Persian and Parthian languages. The Middle Persian text is a parable on the sinfulness of mourning and the harm it will inflict on the soul of the recently deceased. The Parthian one is about an incident in one of Mani's travels. This text, which has been categorized as an historical text somehow coincides with the first text and, apparently, the same characters are involved in both of them. In fact, these two texts complete each other. In this article, along with a linguistic study of the texts, the cultural roots of the "sin of wailing" in the Manichaean religion are examined.https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1561_b132ecc1609bfcf302615847c1caa69a.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122no English titleno English title1691801562FASedigheMoradiJournal Article20150805https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1562_92af93f73faf3cefc129b6bc55a748a9.pdfLinguistics Society of IranLanguage and Linguistics2322384751020091122Language and GlobalizationLanguage and Globalization1811861563FAGolrokhSaeedniaJournal Article20091205https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1563_4d6e4749289c4ec58c0063a90deb3964.pdf