Vol. 4, No. 2, Seq. 9, Spring and Summer 2009 - 2010
text
article
2009
per
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1565_a4829399586f2fe72243e213d0dbd218.pdf
Word Coinage and Synonymy
Vali
Rezai
دانشگاه اصفهان
author
text
article
2009
per
Synonymy is a natural phenomenon in human languages. It may be the consequence of borrowing, semantic changes or geographical and stylistic variations.This paper explores a new source of synonymity in Modern Persian, i.e. word coinage for foreign terms. In recent decades, thousands of Persian equivalents have been coined for loan words. Despite the relative establishment of a considerable number of these new words ,the loan words are still current.This process has increased the number of synonymous words in Persian.This paper attempts to introduce the causes of the creation of such synonymy as well as its advantages and disadvantages.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
1
16
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1566_3ee5ab3c658f8e6b3b83c4309b9ba93c.pdf
The Focus Role of Cleft Constituent in It-Cleft Sentence
Alireza
Khorma'i
دانشگاه شیراز
author
Afsaneh
Shahbaz
کارشناسارشد زبانشناسی همگانی، دانشگاه کردستان
author
text
article
2009
per
‍An it-cleft sentence is a construction expressing a single proposition in two clauses instead of one: a main clause containing a cleft constituent and a relative clause. Numerous works have been written on the subject within the framework of information structure. One issue under discussion relates to the information status of the cleft constituent. It has repeatedly been discussed if the cleft constituent is always the focus and hence containing new information or it can also involve old information. This paper, based on four reasons which are also supported by Persian data, tries to prove that the cleft constituent is always the focus, whether it has previously been evoked in the discourse model or not.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
17
32
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1567_32fdaae415100130142d09292e5eb6dc.pdf
Redundancies in conversation: a study on the process of producing and understanding
Parvaneh
Khosravizadeh
دانشگاه صنعتی شریف
author
text
article
2009
per
This article considers the function of redundancies at the discourse level of language. It examines the reason(s) why people use informationally redundant utterances.
Semantic redundancies identify unnecessary or predictable information in some stretch of language usage. From the theoretical point of view, the application of them is plausible by virtue of the principle of least effort (Martinet, 1962), and maxim of quantity (Grice, 1975). However, at the discourse level of communication, speakers use a considerable amount of redundant utterances in their daily conversation. This article is an attempt to explain the paradox.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
33
48
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1568_58f2d6efb940c46ef901ab962512529f.pdf
Double Prepositions, Circumpositions and Compound Prepositions in
the Sassanian Pahlavi and Manichaean Middle Persian
Azhideh
Moqaddam
دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2009
per
Transition of ancient Iranian languages from the inflectional to non-inflectional phase caused drastic changes in the structure of the Middle Iranian languages. To substitute the degeneration of nominal declensions, pre-/postpositions turned to active components of language to determine the grammatical role of the categories involved. So, in the Middle ranian languages there appeared two groups of pre-/postpositional structures: one which had directly evolved from the ancient Iranian languages and another one, a new collection, formed by the joining together of original pre-/postpositions and other linguistic elements such, as substantives, adjectives, adverbs and conjunctions. These new forms supported the existing cases. This article deals with the structure of double prepositions, circumpositions and compound prepositions in the Sassanian inscriptions, Book Pahlavi and Manichaean Middle Persian.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
49
68
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1569_e1354633b64d20fe39262c036f2a4082.pdf
Abbreviation in Modern Persian
Keivan
Zahedi
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Leila
Sharifi
کارشناس ارشد زبانشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات
author
text
article
2009
per
The present paper aims to investigate abbreviated forms and the process of abbreviation in Modern Persian; it also looks into the historical development of such word formation process. It will be demonstrated that abbreviation is rule- governed and dates back to Old Persian era. The analysis presented in the article is based on Zipf’s Law (1949) .Within this approach Zipf introduces the first theoretical model in order to explain the observations and find a mathematical formula for the corresponding function. Zipf and Martinet (1962) believed the Economy/Least Effort Principle(s) govern the behavior of words. The principles indicate the use of frugal means in order to achieve greatest impact in a specified period of time. Abbreviation will be claimed to follow the same principles; that is, there is a reverse correlation between the length of words and the frequency of their application.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
69
92
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1570_78fb5a1c4568698aca99928eded316a7.pdf
Metadiscourse strategies in Persian and English research articles
Reza
Abdi
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
text
article
2009
per
Through analyzing the metadiscourse strategies employed in Persian and English research articles, this study makes an attempt to find out whether or not Persian native writers follow generic norms of the discourse community when writing in their own language. A comparison of 36 Persian and 36 English research articles (as the predominant language of academic discourse community) showed that, on the whole, the use of metadiscourse strategies was similar to that of the academic discourse community in research articles. Some notable differences were observed in some metadiscourse strategies that might influence the way Persian native speakers write in English
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
93
104
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1571_27f18e495e6a51aee776a826637fe36e.pdf
Description of Syntactic and Lexical Properties of Persian Civil Law Texts
Belghis
Rovshan
دانشگاه پیام نور
author
Sepideh
Behboudi
کارشناسارشد زبانشناسی همگانی دانشگاه پیام نور
author
text
article
2009
per
This article reports the result of a research in forensic linguistics in Persian. Some syntactic and lexical properties of the Persian civil law were studied with the use of content analysis. The findings of the research revealed that in the syntactic aspect, 34.06 percent of clauses include impersonal, middle and passive constructions; the highest percentage belongs to impersonal ones (14.62 %); sentences are mostly complex (45.79 %) and compound-complex (33.17 %). As for the lexical aspect, the number of technical terms form 25.67 of the total number of words in the corpus, which is the highest percentage of lexical-type whereas cliché words form the lowest percentage of 2.82. Moreover, lexical collocations form 31.98 percent of the corpus. The last finding is that the lack of redundancy in the text of the Persian civil law has resulted in its complexity.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
105
136
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1572_11cb08820e394cf2331e3918de00e9db.pdf
Gender and request expressions in Persian
Homa
Yaghoubi
کارشناسارشد زبانشناسی همگانی
author
text
article
2009
per
The present study was carried out to see if the conversational patterns concerning “requests” differ among male and female university students. For this purpose, 35 male and 52 female students in the Azad University of Sari were asked to respond to a questionnaire constructed for the study. The results showed significant difference between the request expressions used by male and female students. According to the results, female students were more polite and conservative in formulating request expressions and using them in different situations.
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
125
136
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1573_0a1c095f64227197df87ca35fafcd08d.pdf
no English title
Mazdak
Anousheh
پژوهشگاه سازمان میراث فرهنگی
author
text
article
2009
per
Language and Linguistics
Linguistics Society of Iran
23223847
5
v.
9
no.
2009
137
148
https://lsi-linguistics.ihcs.ac.ir/article_1574_63211d40faaeec69a35f70a8e3b4cc1f.pdf